Start from a template Templates are starting points for testing, not verdicts.
Lechmere/Cross: Nichols and Chapman Kosminski identification chain Change the linked crimes Chapman: Phillips or the witnesses Stride: Schwartz, interruption, discovery Eddowes: Lawende, routes, the apron Kelly: time of death, the cry, Maxwell, Hutchinson Blank hypothesis
Your hypothesis Title
Statement
Notes
Save hypothesis
Supporting claims (0) None yet.
Opposing claims (0) None yet.
Assumptions Each control is bound to an assumption record. Changing one changes only the conclusions that depend on it.
Which murders are linked Not decided Canonical five: Nichols, Chapman, Stride, Eddowes, Kelly Four: Nichols, Chapman, Eddowes, Kelly (Stride excluded) Four: Nichols, Chapman, Stride, Eddowes (Kelly excluded) Three core: Nichols, Chapman, Eddowes Six: Tabram + canonical five Extended: Tabram + canonical five + McKenzie Agnostic: each case analysed separately (unknown offender per case) About this assumption · disputedChapman: time of death Not decided Medical estimate governs: death at or before c. 4.30 Witnesses govern: death c. 5.20-5.45 Undetermined between last sighting (c. 1.40-2.00) and discovery (c. 5.45-6.00) About this assumption · disputedLechmere (Cross): when he left home (3:20 or 3:30) Not decided "20 minutes past 3" (Star, Times) "about half-past three" (DT, DN, Echo, ES/MA) Connor's reconciliation About this assumption · disputedCross’s account or Mizen’s account of what was said Not decided Mizen's version: told he was wanted by a policeman in Buck's Row Cross's version (and broadly Paul's): told of a woman lying there, dead or drunk Each heard/remembered selectively; two speakers talking at once About this assumption · disputedTime uncertainty: each stated time ±5.0 min (×1)
More assumptions (21) Precise time Cross first saw the body. Not decided Abberline report (secondhand) Paul (Lloyd's "exactly"), Neil/Thain 3:45 About this assumption · disputedWere the times given by Cross, Paul, Neil, Thain, Mizen and Llewellyn read from synchronised clocks? Not decided Treat all stated times as on one clock Each witness used own/house/church clock or guessed (most say "about") About this assumption · disputedWalking speed used to convert route distance to time. Not decided TfL PTAL 1.33 m/s DMRB 1.4 m/s Wikipedia typical range About this assumption Was Cross standing "where the woman was" (Lloyd's) or "in the middle of the road" (inquest)? Not decided Lloyd's wording literal Inquest wording literal; Cross had walked to the road centre on seeing a figure (his own account) About this assumption · disputedHow long could Nichols' wounds have bled (and "blood still running"/"fresh" at Mizen's arrival)? Not decided Per forensic opinions cited by Holmgren (documentary experts; not accessed) Slower venous oozing; observations by lantern in the dark About this assumption · disputedDid Neil find the body independently before being told by anyone? Not decided Neil came along minutes after the carmen left and found it himself (consistent with both accounts) Neil (press version) found it before any civilians About this assumption · disputedWas the assault Schwartz saw at ~12:45 the beginning of Stride's murder? Not decided Yes: the first man was the killer, and Stride died within minutes A separate earlier quarrel; the killer came later (~12:50-12:58) Schwartz's account is unreliable or not about Stride About this assumption · disputedWhich version of Schwartz's account is preferred? Not decided The police statement as summarised by Swanson (pipe, "Lipski", thrown down) The Star interview (knife, man from a pub doorway) Neither is reliable in detail About this assumption · disputedWhen was Stride's body discovered (Diemschutz's arrival)? Not decided ~12:58-1:02 (Diemschutz, Smith, Lamb, woman-two-doors arithmetic, Blackwell chain) ~12:35-12:45 (Kozebrodski DN, Spooner, Heshburg) Do not fix About this assumption · disputedWas Stride's killer interrupted before he could mutilate? Not decided Interrupted by Diemschutz (Baxter's suggestion; Macnaghten 'no doubt') Not interrupted: death minutes before 1.00 with no intent to mutilate Undetermined About this assumption · disputedWas the woman Lawende saw at Church Passage at ~1:35 Eddowes? Not decided Yes (Lawende believed the clothes were hers) No About this assumption · disputedIf the same man killed Stride and Eddowes, which way did he go from Berner Street to Mitre Square? Not decided Commercial Rd - Whitechapel High St - Aldgate - Duke St - Church Passage (~1.06 km hand-digitised; 1.19 km on the modern network) Fairclough St - Back Church Lane - Alie St - Mansell St - Aldgate - Duke St - Church Passage (~1.33-1.37 km) As main road but entering by Mitre Street (~1.05 km hand-digitised) Different killers / no walk About this assumption · disputedWhen was the apron piece left in Goulston Street? Not decided Between ~2:20 and 2:55 (Long reliable) ~1:50-2:10 on direct flight; Long (and Halse) missed it About this assumption · disputedWhen Kelly died. Not decided Bond: about 1-2 a.m. Around the 'murder' cry, c. 3.30-4 a.m. After 8-8.30 a.m. (Maxwell correct) Undetermined About this assumption · disputedWas the cry of "murder" heard about 3:30-4:00 Kelly being attacked? Not decided Yes A common street cry (Prater: "nothing in the streets") About this assumption · disputedIs Maxwell's 8:00-9:00 sighting of Kelly on Friday 9 Nov correct? Not decided Correct day, person and time She saw Kelly on Thursday 8 Nov (police view per DN) She saw another woman About this assumption · disputedHutchinson's statement was a fabrication designed to explain his presence at Miller's Court. Not decided Statement fabricated to explain his presence Statement substantially true (Abberline's view at the time) True presence, embellished description About this assumption · disputedWas Lechmere on Hanbury St at the relevant time on 8 Sep? Not decided No document places him anywhere on 8 Sep Assume usual work route via Hanbury St and similar start time to 31 Aug About this assumption · disputedAaron Kosminski is the 'Kosminski' of Macnaghten and Swanson. Not decided Aaron Kosminski Another man (e.g. Fido's 'David Cohen') or unresolved About this assumption · disputedThe Seaside Home identification actually took place as Anderson and Swanson describe. Not decided Identification happened as described Did not happen / garbled memory About this assumption · disputedThe identifying witness had seen the murderer (not merely a man with a victim some time before death) and recognised him reliably years later. Not decided Witness saw the murderer Witness saw a man with a victim some time before death About this assumption · disputedStress-test this theory
Press Stress-test this theory to evaluate the hypothesis under the current assumptions.
Saved hypotheses (0) Nothing saved yet. Saved hypotheses stay in this browser; export them from your notebook .